The Quest for Unification

Exploring the deepest mysteries of physics: from quantum mechanics to general relativity, from string theory to loop quantum gravity. The ultimate goal: a Theory of Everything.

The Fundamental Problem

Our two most successful theories of physics are fundamentally incompatible:

General Relativity

Spacetime curvature describes gravity

$$R_{\mu\nu} - \frac{1}{2}Rg_{\mu\nu} + \Lambda g_{\mu\nu} = \frac{8\pi G}{c^4} T_{\mu\nu}$$

Einstein Field Equations

Quantum Mechanics

Wave functions and uncertainty

$$i\hbar\frac{\partial}{\partial t}\Psi = \hat{H}\Psi$$

Schrödinger Equation

⚠️ The Incompatibility

At the Planck scale, both theories must apply but they break down:

$$l_P = \sqrt{\frac{\hbar G}{c^3}}$$

≈ 1.616 × 10⁻³⁵ m

Planck Length

$$t_P = \sqrt{\frac{\hbar G}{c^5}}$$

≈ 5.391 × 10⁻⁴⁴ s

Planck Time

$$E_P = \sqrt{\frac{\hbar c^5}{G}}$$

≈ 1.221 × 10¹⁹ GeV

Planck Energy

The Wheeler-DeWitt Equation

An attempt to quantize gravity, but it leads to the "problem of time":

$$\hat{H}\Psi[g_{ij}] = 0$$

No time evolution in quantum gravity